冠词是个虚词,在高考试题中对冠词的考查非常常见,如：2004年英语高考第22题 The Wilsons live in ______ A- shaped house near the coast. It is ____ 17th century cottage. A. the ; 不填 B. an; the C. 不填 ; the D. an; a 因为a 属于元音音素，应该用an; 一般情况下17th century前应该用定冠词the ，但在这道题中17th century用来修饰cottage，表示 “一间17世纪的村舍”，所以选 D。以下是冠词的具体考点： 一、不定冠词的考点 1、 不定冠词位于抽象名词前，使抽象名词具体化。 1)表示情感的不可数名词前加不定冠词。如：feeling/honor/joy/pity/pleasure/surprise。 The little boy is a joy to her parents. What a pleasant surprise you gave me! Eg: It is _____ great pleasure to go to ____ cinema after a week’s hard work.. A. a; the B. the ; a C. a, a D. the , the 答案选A. “ a great pleasure ’’表示“一件快乐的事”,go to the cinema 是一个固定词组， 表示“看电影”。 2) 不可数名词danger/difficulty/disappointment/failure/help/success/wonder/pressure前加不定冠词表示“一-----的人或物”。 This experiment is a great success to human beings. He is a failure as a teacher. Eg: It’s quiet obvious that the aging population I China will cause ____ heavy pressure on ____ whole society in the future. A. a; a B. the ,/ C. a ,the D. /, the 答案选C. 2、 不定冠词位于专有名词前，使专有名词普通化。 A Mr.Green paid a visit to you this morning. Eg: _____ Mr Zhang is waiting for you in the office. I seem to have seen him in ____ newspaper. A. A ; / B. A ; a C. / ; / D. The; the 答案选B. a Mr Zhang 表示“ 有一位张先生”，in a newspaper泛指，表示“一份报纸”. 3、 不定冠词某些名词前，表示“一份”、“一种”或“一阵/场”。如：a coffee/tea/frog/rain/snow/wind. Eg: Towards _____ morning, _____ heavy rain began to fall. A. the; a B. a; a C. the ;/ D. the ;the 答案选A. a heavy rain 表示＂一阵大雨”． a coffee 一份咖啡 a red tea 一种红茶 a strong wing 一阵大风 4、 序数词前加不定冠词表示“又一”。 My mother had a third baby.妈妈又有了孩子。（原来有两个） Eg: Give it _____ second thought and you’ll find it wise to accept ___ job. A. the ; the B. a ; a C. a ; the D. the ; a 答案选C. a second thought 表示“再次考虑 ”，the job 表示特指这项工作。 5、不定冠词运用于固定习语中。 have a look at/have a history ( knowledge /population) of/have a wonderful time/ in such a hurry/in a minute /all of a sudden/pay a visit to/ make it a rule/, keep an eye on / give sb a hand/ 二、定冠词考点 1、 乐器前必须加定冠词。 play the piano /guitar / violin 2、 年代、时代、朝代前加定冠词。 in the 1870s the Ming Dynasty in the modern times 3、 某些独一无二的事物前须加定冠词。 the Great Wall / the universe/the moon/the star/the Communist Party/the United States/ the Changjiang River/the Summer Palace/ The Atlantic Ocean 4、 形容词前加定冠词，表示“一类人”。 the elderly / the young /the wounded /the rich/the poor/the beautiful/the ugly 5、 固定句型中 1)beat / hit / knock / pat / strike sb +in / on the+部位 catch / grasp / pull /take / seize sb by the +部位 例如: The police caught the thief by the hand. Eg: When I told him he had to be paid by ____ hour, he become angry and hit me on ___nose. A. an; my B. the ; the C. an ;the D. / ;a 答案选B. be paid by the hour 表示”以小时来支付”, hit sb on the nose表示”打在某人的鼻子上”,the 都不能省略. 2) the more------ the better 这个类似的句型中 the 不可以省略 例如:It is known to all that the harder you work, the better result you’ll make. Eg: ____ more you use a dictionary, ____ more useful it will become to you. A. The ;the B. The ;/ C. /; the D. / ; / 答案选A. 6、 固定词组 at the age of / the other day / on the way to ----/ with the help of / make the best use of /put sb to the trouble of doing sth / be in the habit of / the talk of the town/at the very beginning/ by the hour/ 7、 固定句型 What’s the matter with-----? What’s the differences between----? What’s the population/height/ length/weight of------? 三、零冠词的考点 1、 单个的专有名词；表示泛指、类指的物质名词和抽象名词前不加冠词。 China is a large country with a long history. Knowledge begins with practice. 2、 三餐名词、四季、学科、球类、棋类前不加冠词。 for breakfast / lunch / supper; play chess/ football/ basketball; learn maths 3、 唯一的职务、头衔名词前不加冠词。如：captain, chairman, head, president, monitor. He was elected president of the USA. Tom was made monitor of our class. Eg: Lincoln was elected ____ President of ____ United States in 1860. A. the ; the B. / ; the C. a; / D. /;/ 答案选B.the president 表示头衔；the United States是独一无二的事物。 4、特殊用法 1）man/ mankind表示“人类”和 word 表示“消息”时一般不加冠词。 例如: Word came that he had been saved by the doctor. Eg: Early in the morning ____ word came that David had been made _____governor of the state. A. the ;the B. / ; / C. a ; the D. / ; the 答案选B. word表示“消息”时一般不加冠词,governor 表示头衔不加冠词. 2）有些物质名词和抽象名词前永远不加冠词，即使有形容词，也不加。常见的有:weather, progress , fun ,advice, news, information, work (工作), luck, furniture, wealth, honesty. 5、 在以in或with结构表示某种情感或状态时，不加冠词。 如：in danger/ hunger / fear/ sorrow/ safety /trouble/surprise. 或 tremble with fear （由于害怕而颤抖）/ cry with anger (由于生气而哭泣) 6、固定词汇 at daybreak (midnight) / by bus (car/bike)/by mistake(law) / go to church / in bed /at table / be in hospital / in silence/in peace/ hand in hand / face to face/ in need of / make room for / make use of/take(leave) office/on second thoughts/on business/in uniform/in debt 配套练习: 1. ----- My son is lost. Did you see a boy passing by here? ----- I saw _____ boy hidden behind ______ tree over there. You may go and have a look. A. a; a B. the ; the C. a; the D. the ; a 2. Having ____ good manners is seen by many people as ____ sign of cultural understanding and good taste. A. /;the B. the ;/ C. the ;the D. the ; a 3. Mary considered that doing the office work was just the kind of _____ job she wanted. A. a demanding B. demanding C. a demanded D. demanded 4. ------ Do you think the weather is good enough for a picnic? -----Yes. You couldn’t hope for _____. A. a nice day B. the nicer day C. a nicer day D. the nicest day 5. Do you know ____ art played ____ more important part in people’s lives in the 18th century than it does today? A. an ; the B. / ; a C. the ; a D. the ; the 6. Charles Barclay, ___ NBA all-star, hasn’t missed ___ game in ___ past years. A. an; a; the B a ; a; the C. /; a; the D. an ;a ;/ 7.it is said that the company in_____ charge of him is in ____ debt now. A. the ; the B. /;/ C. /; the D. the ; / 8. My mother asked me to repeat ___telephone number ___second time so that she could write it down. A. the ; a B. an; the C. an; a D. the ;the 9. ------ He wants to have ___ word with you. ------- I know ___word has come that I am the next person he wants to talk to. A. /; the B. a; the C. a; / D. the; a 10. I’ve never studied ____- engineering, but I’ve got ____ good practical knowledge of machines. A. the ;a B. / ; / C. / ; a D. an ; the 11. As is known to all, ___ tiger is in _____ danger of dying out. A. the ,/ B. a ,/ C. the ,the D. a, a 12.Thank you for sending us ______ fresh vegetables of many kinds ,You have done us ____ great service. A. / ; a B. the ; a C. / ; / D. the ; / 13.______ new gym in our school was completed in ____ Oct.of 2002,not in _____ Aug. A. The ,the , / B. A, / , / C. A, the ,the D. The , /, / 14. About 25% of ____ European can speak ____ foreign language besides their native language. A. the ,a B. an , the C. the , the D. / ; / 15. ------- What do you think about _____ dress in the shopwindow? ------- Oh, it’s beautiful .She will be pleased if she can have it as _____ birthday present. A. a; a B. the ; a C. a ; the D. the ,the 16. ______ he saw now was not the same as he had left 50 years before. A. The China B. China C. A China D. So China 17. When it comes to bringing up children, some people say ____ discipline produces ___- happy, well -behaved child. A. a;the B./;a C. a, a D. / ,the 18. Teaching ____ child to cook will improve many of the skill that he or she will need later in ___ life. A. /; the B. a; / C. a ; the D. the ; a 19._____ Yuanmingyuan might blur history’s details, but it will honor China’s past in ____ Chinese way. A. The ;/ B. The ;/the C. A; / D. A; a 20.As ____ unemployment is very high nowadays, it is very difficult for people to find ____ work. A. the ;/ B. the ; a C. / ; / D. an ; the 参考答案: 1-5 CABCB 6----10 ADACC 11---15 AAAAB 16---20 ABBD
