1.seem;look
这两个动词都有“好像”、“看起来”之意, look着重于由视觉得出的印象,seem暗示有一定根据,这种判断往往接近事实,两者都可接形容词、名词、动词不定式、过去分词、介词短语。例如:
He looks/seems a nice man.他看上去是一个好人。
The boy looked/seemed to be very ill.那男孩看上去病得很重。
但在以下几种情况下,只能用seem,不能用look:
①后接动词不定式to do时。例如:
The headmaster seemed to know all his students.校长好像认识他所有的学生。
②用于It seems that...结构时。例如:
It seemed that he missed the train. 看起来他没赶上火车。
③用于“There seems to+不定式”结构时。例如:
There seems to be something wrong with the machine. 这台机器好像有毛病。
2. too;also;either
这三个词都有“也”的意思,但用法不同。
too常用于肯定句和疑问句中,它一般放在句末,而且常用逗号与句子隔开。例如:
—English people eat a lot of beef .英国人吃很多牛肉。
—American people eat a lot of beef, too.美国人也吃很多牛肉。
also一般用在肯定句中,放在be动词、助动词或情态动词的后面,行为动词的前面。例如:
Chinese food is also very popular in the world.中国菜在世界上也很受欢迎。
either常用于否定句中,放在句子的末尾,常用逗号与句子隔开。例如:You didn't go to the park yesterday. I didn't go, either. 昨天你没有去公园,我也没去。
3. few;a few;little;a little;a bit
few与many相对,little与much相对, 因此few与a few用来修饰可数名词的复数;little与a little用来修饰不可数名词。a few和a little意为“一点”、“少许”,表示肯定意义;few 和little意为“几乎没有”、“很少”,表示否定意义。例如:
He has a few friends here. 在这儿他有几个朋友。
His father is a man of few words.他父亲是个沉默寡言的人。
There is a little milk in the glass. 杯子里有一点儿牛奶。
There is little food in the fridge.冰箱里几乎没有什么食物。
a little和a bit 的用法最接近,它们都有“一点儿”之意,都可以用作副词,用来修饰形容词、副词以及动词,充当状语,这时两者可以互换使用;它们也可以用作形容词,修饰不可数名词,这时有一点区别:a little可修饰名词,但a bit后面必须加上介词of后才能再接名词。与not连用时,它们的意义完全不同:not a little 意为“非常”、“很”,相当于very;not a bit意为“一点也不”, 相当于not at all。例如:
This book is a little/a bit difficult for me. 对我来说,这本书有点难。
Why don't men do a bit of housework? 为什么男人不做一点儿家务呢?
The weather is not a bit cold today. 今天天气一点也不冷。
She is not a little good at English. 她很擅长英语。